Gravity | Gravitational Force | Gravitational Constant

 

Gravity 

Objects with mass or energy are drawn to one another by the natural force of gravity.

Gravitational Force 

The attraction between any two mass-containing objects in the universe is caused by the gravitational force.

 

 

Together with the electromagnetic force, weak nuclear force, and strong nuclear force, gravity is one of the four basic forces of nature. While it is the smallest of these forces, it also controls how the universe's greatest structures—such as stars, planets, and galaxies—behave.

The bending of space-time brought on by the presence of mass or energy is what Einstein's theory of general relativity refers to as gravity rather than a force. In other words, large things cause the space-time fabric around them to stretch, and as a result, more massive objects are pulled towards them.

 

The mass of the objects and their separation from one another determine the gravitational force's intensity. The force grows as the objects' masses rise, and it decreases as their distance from one another grows.

The behavior of celestial entities in the cosmos, from planets' orbits around stars to interactions between galaxies, is significantly influenced by the gravitational pull. It plays a significant role in a variety of different physics fields, including the study of subatomic particles and the behavior of black holes.

 

Gravitational Constant

Gravitational constant is a physical constant that is used to quantify the strength of the gravitational force between two objects with mass.

 It is denoted by the symbol G and Mathematically:

G = 6.67430 × 10^-11 m^3 kg^-1 s^-2.

Henry Cavendish, an English physicist, measured the gravitational constant for the first time in the late 18th century. He calculated the value of G by measuring the attraction between two lead spheres of known masses using a torsion balance.

Astronomy, cosmology, and particle physics all make use of the gravitational constant, which is an important natural constant. It is a crucial component of Isaac Newton's law of universal gravitation, which says that the gravitational pull between two objects is inversely proportional to their squared distance and directly proportional to the product of their masses.

It is challenging to determine G's exact value, and there is considerable ambiguity in this regard. Nonetheless, its usefulness is well recognized to be crucial in many scientific fields, such as the determination of planet and satellite orbits, the behavior of black holes, and the overall structure of the universe.